In a surgical procedure, incisions are made in order to treat a disease or injury. The tissues are cut to allow the required manipulation. Surgery is of different types, and they are divided into different classes on the basis of many factors like the surgery timing, purpose, and the type of equipment used.
The art of surgery is also known as “surgical procedure” or “operation”. Primarily, surgery is done by a surgeon. Typically, he performs the surgery with the assistance of other specialists like a surgical technologist, circulating nurse and anesthesia provider.
Types of Surgery
There are many types of surgery. Based on different parameters, they can be put under many categories.
Timing Based
This category involves different types of surgeries based on need and urgency.
1. Elective Surgery
As the name suggests, this type of surgery is optional. This type of procedure is planned in advance and is not ideal to deal with an emergency situation. Many procedures come under this category of elective surgery, such as cosmetic surgeries.
2. Semi-Elective Surgery
Semi-elective surgery is done in order to save a patient’s life. However, it can’t be done in an emergency.
3. Urgent Surgery
As the name suggests, urgent surgery is done only when the patient is stable.
4. Emergency Surgery
This type of procedure is done without any delay as the patient’s condition requires it. If not done right away, the patient’s life may be at risk.
Body Part Based
Based on the body part, this type of surgery is done. Usually, it’s done on a specific structure or organ system. Let’s know about other types.
1. Gastrointestinal Surgery
Gastrointestinal surgery is done in the digestive tract and the related organs, such as the esophagus, rectum, large intestine, small intestine, and stomach. Aside from this, it includes pancreas, gallbladder, and liver.
2. Orthopedic Surgery
This involves the muscles or bones of the patient. This medical specialty is related to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the injuries of the nerves, tendons, ligaments, joints, spine, bones and muscles.
3. Cardiovascular Surgery
It involves the surgical treatment of different disorders and diseases of the blood vessels and the heart. Examples include open heart surgery and vascular surgery.
4. Gynecology
This surgical specialty is related to the female reproductive system i.e. ovaries, vagina, and uterus.
5. Neurosurgery
This specialty involves the treatment of different disorders of the peripheral nerves, spinal cord, and the brain.
6. Ophthalmology (Eyes)
Ophthalmology diagnosis and treats different disorders of the eye. Some common conditions include conjunctivitis, glaucoma, and cataracts.
7. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
This dental specialty helps to perform the diagnosis and treatment of many injuries, diseases, and defect of gums, teeth, and mouth. In other words, doctors perform these procedures for jaws repair, palate repair, facial injury repair and the repair of wisdom teeth.
8. Otolaryngology
Otolaryngology involves the procedures that treat the neck, head, nose, ears, and throat.
So, this was a brief introduction to different types of surgery based on body parts and timing. Hope this guide is helpful.
Source by Shalini M
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